Poweb-loom



i JOHN SHUTTLEVVORTI-I, OF FRANKFORD, PENNSYLVANIA.

POWERTLOOM.

Specicationof Letters Patent No. 7,387, dated May 21, 1850.

j To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, JOHN SHUTTLEWORTH, ofthe `borough of Frankford, in thel county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, havefinvented certain new and `useful Im- .L provements in Looms; and I do hereby dei making part of this specification, in which` clare lthat the `following is a full, clear, and exact description of the nature, construction, and operation of `the same, reference being hadtothe drawings hereunto annexed and drawingsonly those portions of the loom are shown which are effected by `my improvements.

`One part ofmy invention `consists in comj bining the advantages incident to rising and falling` heddles with those peculiar to the cylindrical jacquard, that is to say, the

formation ofthe shedin `the warp is effected by Ia descending as well as an ascending motionof `the heddles, and thus is avoided the unequal tension, 'and consequent liability of the `warp to stretch` and snap which takes placein `all cylindrical jacquards known to me. Aside from `this ldefect however the compactness, precision, stability, and other radical `advantages of the cylindrical jacquard `are too well `known among weavers to require specific recital here.

Another part ofmy invention `consists in 1 arrangements of structure in the cylindrical jacquard to facilitate adjustment to the pattern, so as to enable the weaver to accomplish in a fewminutes `what is usually the work of hours.

. Another part ofiny invention consists `in the` arrangenientof mechanism by which .is

e'ectedwthe` intermittent and gradual ro-` Y tation of the cylinder.

.improvements on the mechanism `for operating the picker staffs. j

"In tlieannexed.drawings, Figure l, isa

i tric worm (c) and a pinion (d). From this worm and pinion are derived all the move- `Another `.partof my invention consists` in` lments of the heddle frames` and pickers .in

front to back of the `machine, at an equal ,distance from the center, being bolted` at, their extremities `to the frame `Resting upon and bolted to these rails are `two standards (f) which have each ofthem a vertical slot (g) forming guides for the .journal boxes (it) of the jacquard cylinder (i, j, la). To these standards and `rails yare `also affixed the journal bearings (l) of the various rodsand leversused to operatethe heddles. i

(mlare the guides ofthe heddle frames (n, l0, p) which are of the usual form.

(y) are the heddle rods or needles by Lwhich the jacquard cylinder is enabled Eto operate on the heddles.

The jacquard cylinder consistsof the fol?, lowing parts to wit; two heads` which carrythe gudgeons `or journal pins.` Extending from one to the other of these heads and somewhat within'their circumference is a jhollowdrum or cylinder pierced with the usual `holes for the reception of the heddle rods. Thisldrum is cased with segmentalplates (la) which when placed around the drum, make the exterior ofthe middle portion flush with the heads. "The segments also are pierced with `holes corre` spending to those on the drum and areattached tothe drum by screws or otherwise.

The regulation of the patterns is eHected by plugs or `Stoppers (et) somewhat similar in form to common rivets. These stoppers are inserted between the shell and the-drum, so as to intercept such holes as represent the particular meshes in the pattern which` are to `be occupied by the warp, the rivets are vra prevented by their heads "from, slippingi ico (u) having the same `number of cogs as y there are longitudinal tiers ofholesfin the drum; `Meshing intothis wheel is arscroll @am (v w) Whose rim 0r verse ,SfOr th most part (e) of its circumference in` a plane square with its shaft, but is separated at one part into two portions (w) which lap past each other with a shear 0r draft equal to the pitch of the cogs on the crown wheel. The driving shaft is so connected projected by the picker at given periods of j each revolution of the shaft. The straight portion of the cam serves to hold the wheel and jacquard at rest in the intervals between the successive flights of the shuttle, and it also serves to guide the scroll between the cogs. It is during this interval also that the jacquard drum is caused to ascend and the rail or heddle bearer (1") supporting the heddle frames to descend by the following arrangement of apparatus, to witz- At each end of the standards (f) are hung two levers the upper pair of these (w) are journaled at one end to the frame and near their mid length to slide blocks (s) appended to the heddle bearer (1") which blocks slide within the vertical guides (g). The other pair of levers (y) are journaled to the standards near their thirdelength and the journal boxes (h.) of the drum at their ends, so that a depression of the free ends of the levers and y) must cause the drum and heddle bearer rato approach each other and of course, a contrary motion of the levers must cause the drum and heddle 30' bearer to recede from one another. The free ends `of t-hese levers are connected together by links or shackles (z) and an arm (a) extending from one set to the other is l.connected by a pitman (b) to a crank (0') Ion a shaft (cl) which carries a pinion (e) actuated by a spur wheel (f) on the tappet shaft (g) set in motion by the pinion- (d) on the driving shaft New as the diand (e) is preit follows that the crank shaft (CZ) and the driving shaft (b) must each revolve in equal times, and consequently that the drum and heddle bearer (1') will be made to approach and recede simultaneously and equally, the levers y) being arranged for that object by means of the adjustable centers (L The levers fj) are not hung directly to the frame (f) but are connected yto it by short links or shackles J, K, in order that they may accommodate themselves to the vertical lmotion of the drum and bearer. Thus by making the heddle bearer to descend at the same time that the cylinder ascends, is avoided the unequal tension of the warp, before alluded to, as a defect, to which the ordinary cylinder jacquard is liable, and the adaptation of the peculiar Vform of eccentric worm in the manner described dispenses with a great deal of complexity of parts and irregularityV of action inseparable from the old rack and pinion movement.

The jacquard may be moved one two or more tiers between every pick by the substitution of either a smaller crown wheel, or a cam of greater pitch.

The wheel (f) on the tappet shaft (g). having exactly double the diameter of the driving pinion, rotates but once during two revolut-ions of the latter, but as the tappet rollers (T) are placed on opposite sides of the shaft, arpicker, (each alternately) is set in motion at every revolution of the pinion.

Immediately below the tappet rollers T are treadles (Z) whose upper edge-swells into a protuberance (Z2) at first nearly concentric with the tappet, but curving rapidly upward, so as to receive from the tappets and impart to the arms a rapidly accelerated motion, which in the picker-staif is still farther increased by the shortness of the arms (m) on the picker-staves (n) within an eye in which arms the free extremities of j the treadle (Z) play. '.lghe picker staves are retracted by springs 0 The tappets are adjustable in concentric slots B in their bearings in order that the flight of the shuttle may be duly timed and adapted to the opening of the shed.

Having thus fully described the nature,

construction, and operation of my inven- 'j tion, what I claim therein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The imparting to the heddle bearer (1) a motion simultaneous with, and in opposite direction to, the vertical one of the cylindrical jacquard (i y' 7c) by an arrangement of supplementary levers and their appendages as herein described, or by mechanism substantially equivalent, the scroll cam or split pulley v, fw, being so arranged. as to act alternately as a lock and guide, and as a cam. A,

2. The arrangement and combination, substantially as described and represented, of a segmental shell (70) and stoppers for the ready adjustment of the jacquard to JOHN SHUTTLEVORTH.

Witnesses WM. P. ELLIOT, A. E. H. JOHNSON. 

